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{ "products": [ { "_id": "66c05bf00c4fad2294e39139", "fptag": "SKENTERPRISESNAGPUR", "merchantname": null, "customwidgets": null, "externalsourceid": null, "name": "SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR (SBR) for wastewater treatment", "description": " The sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is a fill-and- draw activated sludge system for wastewater treatment. In this system, wastewater is added to a single “batch” reactor, treated to remove undesirable components.\n\nA Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) is a type of activated sludge wastewater treatment system that utilizes a fill-and-draw process where all stages of treatment occur sequentially in a single tank. Unlike conventional continuous flow systems that require separate tanks for each process (e.g., equalization, aeration, clarification), SBRs integrate these stages into a single reactor operated in a timed sequence. \n\n\nHow SBR wastewater treatment works\n\nThe SBR treatment cycle typically consists of five sequential phases: \n\nFill: Wastewater is pumped into the SBR tank, where it mixes with the activated sludge (biomass) from the previous cycle.\n\nReact: Air is supplied to the tank via an aeration system, providing oxygen for the microorganisms to break down organic pollutants (BOD, ammonia, nitrogen).\n\nSettle: Aeration stops, allowing the activated sludge to settle at the bottom of the tank due to gravity, leaving clear, treated water above.\n\nDecant: The clear, treated water (supernatant) is removed from the tank without disturbing the settled sludge.\n\nIdle: This is a waiting period before the next fill phase, during which excess sludge can be removed. \n\n\nAdvantages of SBR wastewater treatment\n\nCompact Footprint: SBRs require less space compared to conventional systems as all treatment stages happen in a single tank, making them suitable for areas with limited land availability.\n\nOperational Flexibility: SBRs are adaptable to varying flow rates and organic loads, making them suitable for industrial and municipal applications with fluctuating wastewater characteristics.\n\nHigh Treatment Efficiency: SBRs can achieve high removal efficiencies for organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus due to the controlled aeration and anoxic/anaerobic cycles.\n\nNutrient Removal: SBRs can effectively remove nitrogen and phosphorus without the need for chemical addition, promoting biological nutrient removal (BNR).\n\nReduced Odor: Aerobic conditions throughout much of the cycle minimize odor generation compared to anaerobic systems.\n\nAutomated Operation: Modern SBR systems are highly automated, reducing the need for constant manual oversight.\n\nPotential for Water Reuse: The high-quality effluent produced by SBRs can be suitable for various reuse applications after further disinfection and filtration. \n\n\nApplications of SBR wastewater treatment\n\nSBR technology is used in various municipal and industrial wastewater treatment settings, including: \n\nSmall to medium-sized municipal plants\n\nIndustrial applications such as food processing, pharmaceuticals, and chemical manufacturing\n\nRemote or decentralized facilities\n\nUpgrading existing plants \n\n\nAdvanced SBR systems like the Hybrid Granular SBR (GST) can improve efficiency using bio-beads that help retain biomass, leading to better removal of organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. GST systems also reduce the need for certain equipment, resulting in a smaller size and lower costs.", "price": 0.0, "discountamount": 0.0, "currencycode": "INR", "priority": 1000000, "isfreeshipmentavailable": false, "shipmentduration": 7, "_keywords": [ "wastewater treatment", "undesirable components", "single “batch” reactor", "activated sludge system", "sequencing batch reactor" ], "isarchived": false, "isavailable": true, "applicationid": null, "productindex": 7, "imageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/actual/66c05c0fa00c6022283a9c9f.jpeg", "tileimageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/tile/66c05c0fa00c6022283a9c9f.jpeg", "images": null, "totalqueries": 0, "gpid": null, "groupproductid": null, "createdon": "2024-08-17T08:14:40.317Z", "updatedon": "2025-08-23T07:17:42.722Z", "buyonlinelink": null, "producturl": "http://WWW.THESKTECH.COM/products/sequencing-batch-reactor-sbr-for-wastewater-treatment/7", "availableunits": -1.0, "iscodavailable": false, "isprepaidonlineavailable": false, "maxcodorders": 0, "maxprepaidonlineorders": 0, "uniquepaymenturl": null, "brandname": "", "category": "WASTE WATER TREATMENT", "tags": [], "variants": false, "keyspecification": null, "otherspecifications": null, "pickupaddressreferenceid": "", "paymenttype": "None", "producttype": "products", "hsncode": null, "gstslab": 0.001, "isnotforsale": false }, { "_id": "68c29bbab1588e8a3bcce885", "fptag": "SKENTERPRISESNAGPUR", "merchantname": null, "customwidgets": null, "externalsourceid": null, "name": "MODULAR STP PLANT", "description": "Modular sewage treatment plants are transforming the wastewater treatment industry by providing a flexible and efficient alternative to conventional STPs. These systems are pre-engineered, factory-built, and ready for on-site installation, reducing construction time and cost.\nA modular STP plant is a compact, prefabricated, and scalable sewage treatment system that is built in a factory and then transported to the desired site for quick installation.\n\n\nKey advantages of a modular STP\n\nQuick installation: Since they are factory-built, modular units can be installed and commissioned in a matter of weeks, in contrast to the months required for conventional plants.\n\nSpace efficiency: Their compact footprint makes them ideal for locations with limited land, such as urban commercial buildings, hotels, and residential complexes.\n\nScalability: Modular designs allow for easy expansion by adding more units as wastewater treatment needs increase.\n\nCost-effectiveness: While the initial cost per unit may seem higher, modular STPs offer lower overall project costs due to reduced civil work, faster installation, and lower maintenance.\n\nPortability: The units can be easily relocated, making them suitable for temporary projects or changing site requirements.\n\nHigh reliability: Factory testing and standardized manufacturing ensure consistent and reliable performance.\n\nEase of operation: Many modular STPs feature automated control panels and remote monitoring, which simplifies operation and minimizes the need for on-site personnel. \n\n\n\nModular STPs are an excellent solution for a wide range of applications, including: \n\n-Hotels, resorts, and hospitals\n-Housing societies and residential complexes\n-Small and medium-sized industrial units\n-Schools and educational institutions\n-Smart cities and temporary construction sites\n-Decentralized wastewater treatment for smaller communities \n", "price": 0.0, "discountamount": 0.0, "currencycode": "INR", "priority": 1000000, "isfreeshipmentavailable": false, "shipmentduration": 1, "_keywords": null, "isarchived": false, "isavailable": true, "applicationid": null, "productindex": 13, "imageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/actual/68c2a0da804135e4335941a0.jpg", "tileimageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/tile/68c2a0da804135e4335941a0.jpg", "images": null, "totalqueries": 0, "gpid": null, "groupproductid": null, "createdon": "2025-09-11T09:51:54.25Z", "updatedon": "2025-09-11T10:13:44.989Z", "buyonlinelink": null, "producturl": "http://WWW.THESKTECH.COM/products/modular-stp-plant/13", "availableunits": -1.0, "iscodavailable": false, "isprepaidonlineavailable": false, "maxcodorders": 0, "maxprepaidonlineorders": 0, "uniquepaymenturl": null, "brandname": "S K ENTERPRISES", "category": "SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT", "tags": [], "variants": false, "keyspecification": null, "otherspecifications": null, "pickupaddressreferenceid": null, "paymenttype": "None", "producttype": "products", "hsncode": null, "gstslab": 0.001, "isnotforsale": false }, { "_id": "68ca645a621c5b1f1fbdef62", "fptag": "SKENTERPRISESNAGPUR", "merchantname": null, "customwidgets": null, "externalsourceid": null, "name": "PACKAGE ETP PLANT", "description": "A package ETP (Effluent Treatment Plant) is a compact, pre-engineered, and often skid-mounted wastewater treatment system designed for quick deployment and efficient operation in various settings like small to medium-sized industries, hospitals, and residential complexes. Key features include modular design, “plug-and-play” operation, low maintenance, automation, and a small footprint, allowing for easy installation and relocation to meet environmental discharge standards for industrial or domestic wastewater. These plants use a combination of physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove pollutants from effluent, making it suitable for safe reuse or discharge. \n\n\n\nKey Features & Benefits\nCompact & Modular Design: The plants are self-contained, pre-engineered units that take up minimal space, making them ideal for facilities with limited area. \nQuick Installation: Being “plug-and-play” and often skid-mounted, these systems can be installed quickly and easily. \nCost-Effective: They offer a cost-effective solution for treating wastewater compared to larger, conventional systems. \nLow Maintenance & Automation: Packaged ETPs are designed for low maintenance and can have automated operation, simplifying usage and reducing labor costs. \nHigh-Quality Output: They employ multi-stage treatment processes to ensure the final treated water meets environmental discharge norms. \nPortability: The modular, skid-mounted design allows for easy relocation if the facility needs to move. \n\n\nCommon Applications \nSmall to Medium Industries: Pharmaceutical, textile, dairy, food & beverage, and chemical industries.\nInstitutional Facilities: Hospitals, schools, colleges, and residential complexes.\nOther Uses: Hotels, farmhouses, and construction sites.\n\n\nPackage ETPs integrate various treatment stages, including:\nPhysical Treatment: Screening, grit removal, and oil separation. \nChemical Treatment: Coagulation and flocculation to remove dissolved and suspended solids. \nBiological Treatment: Processes like Activated Sludge or Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) to break down organic pollutants. \nTertiary Treatment: Filtration and disinfection to achieve high-quality treated water. \n\n", "price": 0.0, "discountamount": 0.0, "currencycode": "INR", "priority": 1000000, "isfreeshipmentavailable": false, "shipmentduration": 1, "_keywords": null, "isarchived": false, "isavailable": true, "applicationid": null, "productindex": 17, "imageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/actual/68ca69b649733e70d8ec2196.jpeg", "tileimageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/tile/68ca69b649733e70d8ec2196.jpeg", "images": null, "totalqueries": 0, "gpid": null, "groupproductid": null, "createdon": "2025-09-17T07:33:46.165Z", "updatedon": "2025-09-17T07:56:37.447Z", "buyonlinelink": null, "producturl": "http://WWW.THESKTECH.COM/products/package-etp-plant/17", "availableunits": -1.0, "iscodavailable": false, "isprepaidonlineavailable": false, "maxcodorders": 0, "maxprepaidonlineorders": 0, "uniquepaymenturl": null, "brandname": "S K ENTERPRISES", "category": "EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANTS", "tags": [], "variants": false, "keyspecification": null, "otherspecifications": null, "pickupaddressreferenceid": null, "paymenttype": "None", "producttype": "products", "hsncode": null, "gstslab": 0.001, "isnotforsale": false }, { "_id": "68ca5f5919554faa3f8f29dd", "fptag": "SKENTERPRISESNAGPUR", "merchantname": null, "customwidgets": null, "externalsourceid": null, "name": "MBR ETP (MEMBRANE BIO REACTOR) PLANT", "description": "An MBR ETP is a Membrane Bioreactor Effluent Treatment Plant. It combines a conventional biological wastewater treatment process with a physical membrane filtration process, offering a highly effective method for treating industrial wastewater. This advanced technology allows industries to produce high-quality treated water that can be safely discharged or reused.\n\n\nMBR technology offers significant benefits over conventional wastewater treatment systems: \n\nSuperior water quality: The membrane barrier produces exceptionally high-quality effluent with very low levels of suspended solids, turbidity, and pathogens. The treated water is often clear, odorless, and suitable for direct reuse in non-potable applications.\n\nCompact footprint: By combining the biological treatment and solid-liquid separation into one step, MBR plants require up to 50% less space than conventional systems. This is ideal for industries with limited land or for retrofitting existing facilities.\n\nReduced sludge production: The long sludge retention time (SRT) in the bioreactor promotes greater biological degradation, resulting in less excess sludge. This significantly lowers sludge handling and disposal costs.\n\nProcess stability: MBRs are more resilient to fluctuations in influent wastewater quality and flow rates (known as “shock loads”). The physical membrane barrier ensures consistent effluent quality even under variable conditions.\n\nAutomated operation: Modern MBR systems are highly automated, reducing the need for constant manual monitoring and intervention. \n\n\n\nCommon applications\nDue to their effectiveness and versatility, MBR ETPs are used across many industries and scenarios: \n\nIndustrial wastewater treatment: Pharmaceutical, textile, chemical, food and beverage, and other industries with high-strength wastewater use MBRs to meet strict environmental regulations.\n\nWastewater reuse: MBR-treated water is excellent for reclaiming and reusing water for purposes like irrigation, cooling towers, and industrial processes, reducing freshwater consumption.\n\nDecentralized treatment: MBR package plants are modular and can be installed quickly for facilities like hotels, resorts, hospitals, and housing complexes, where connecting to a municipal plant is not feasible.\n\nLandfill leachate treatment: The technology is effective for treating the highly concentrated contaminants often found in landfill leachate.", "price": 0.0, "discountamount": 0.0, "currencycode": "INR", "priority": 1000000, "isfreeshipmentavailable": false, "shipmentduration": 1, "_keywords": null, "isarchived": false, "isavailable": true, "applicationid": null, "productindex": 16, "imageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/actual/68ca60d85b5779befdcc66b1.jpg", "tileimageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/tile/68ca60d85b5779befdcc66b1.jpg", "images": null, "totalqueries": 0, "gpid": null, "groupproductid": null, "createdon": "2025-09-17T07:12:25.805Z", "updatedon": "2025-09-17T07:23:47.216Z", "buyonlinelink": null, "producturl": "http://WWW.THESKTECH.COM/products/mbr-etp-membrane-bio-reactor-plant/16", "availableunits": -1.0, "iscodavailable": false, "isprepaidonlineavailable": false, "maxcodorders": 0, "maxprepaidonlineorders": 0, "uniquepaymenturl": null, "brandname": "S K ENTERPRISES", "category": "EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANTS", "tags": [], "variants": false, "keyspecification": null, "otherspecifications": null, "pickupaddressreferenceid": null, "paymenttype": "None", "producttype": "products", "hsncode": null, "gstslab": 0.001, "isnotforsale": false }, { "_id": "68c2b59d180fe7badcd60a08", "fptag": "SKENTERPRISESNAGPUR", "merchantname": null, "customwidgets": null, "externalsourceid": null, "name": "MBBR ETP PLANT", "description": "An MBBR ETP is an Effluent Treatment Plant that uses Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) technology to treat wastewater. This advanced biological process is highly effective for removing organic and inorganic pollutants from industrial wastewater. \n\n\nKey advantages of MBBR ETPs\n\nCompact size: MBBR plants are significantly more compact and require less space than traditional treatment systems, making them ideal for urban areas or facilities with limited land.\n\nHigh efficiency: They provide superior removal rates for BOD, COD, and nitrogen compounds, ensuring consistent and high-quality treated water.\n\nResilience to shock loads: The robust biofilm on the carriers is resistant to fluctuations in wastewater flow and pollutant concentration, allowing for stable performance.\n\nLow maintenance: With no complex sludge recycling, the system is simpler to operate and requires less operator intervention.\n\nReduced sludge production: The efficient degradation process results in less excess sludge, which lowers the costs associated with sludge handling and disposal.\n\nScalability: The modular nature of MBBR technology makes it easy to increase the treatment capacity by simply adding more carriers to the existing tanks.\n\nCost-effective: MBBR plants offer an economical wastewater treatment solution in terms of both capital and operating costs.\n\n", "price": 0.0, "discountamount": 0.0, "currencycode": "INR", "priority": 1000000, "isfreeshipmentavailable": false, "shipmentduration": 1, "_keywords": null, "isarchived": false, "isavailable": true, "applicationid": null, "productindex": 15, "imageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/actual/68c2b5a72e29c2179604343a.jpg", "tileimageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/tile/68c2b5a72e29c2179604343a.jpg", "images": null, "totalqueries": 0, "gpid": null, "groupproductid": null, "createdon": "2025-09-11T11:42:21.743Z", "updatedon": "2025-09-11T11:42:21.743Z", "buyonlinelink": null, "producturl": "http://WWW.THESKTECH.COM/products/mbbr-etp-plant/15", "availableunits": -1.0, "iscodavailable": false, "isprepaidonlineavailable": false, "maxcodorders": 0, "maxprepaidonlineorders": 0, "uniquepaymenturl": null, "brandname": "S K ENTERPRISES", "category": "EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANTS", "tags": [], "variants": false, "keyspecification": null, "otherspecifications": null, "pickupaddressreferenceid": null, "paymenttype": "None", "producttype": "products", "hsncode": null, "gstslab": 0.001, "isnotforsale": false }, { "_id": "68c2b03be72300445766d0db", "fptag": "SKENTERPRISESNAGPUR", "merchantname": null, "customwidgets": null, "externalsourceid": null, "name": "CONTAINERIZED STP PLANT", "description": "Containerized sewage treatment plants are emerging as a sustainable, adaptable, and efficient solution for wastewater management. Their mobility, cost-effectiveness, and scalability make them an asset in addressing the ever-growing challenges of sewage treatment.\nA containerized STP is a portable, factory-built sewage treatment plant fully enclosed within one or more shipping containers. It is designed as a modular, “plug-and-play” system for rapid deployment and easy relocation, making it ideal for temporary or remote locations where a traditional, fixed STP is not feasible. \n\n\n\nKey advantages\n\nPortability and rapid deployment: Since the system is pre-assembled and factory-tested, it can be quickly transported and set up, often requiring only simple connections and a flat foundation. This makes it suitable for emergency relief, construction sites, and remote areas.\n\nCost-effectiveness: Containerized STPs have lower capital expenditure because they require minimal civil construction. They also have lower operational expenditure due to automation and energy-efficient designs.\n\nSpace efficiency: Their compact design requires a much smaller footprint compared to traditional STPs, making them ideal for urban areas, campuses, and hotels with limited space.\n\nModularity and scalability: Capacity can be easily increased or decreased by adding or removing modular units, allowing the system to adapt to changing wastewater volumes.\n\nHigh-quality effluent: Advanced treatment technologies, like MBR, can produce high-quality treated water that can be reused for non-potable purposes such as irrigation, reducing freshwater consumption.\n\nAutomation and low maintenance: Many systems feature automated controls, requiring minimal operator intervention and oversight by unskilled staff. \n\n\nUses and applications\nContainerized STPs are highly versatile and used across many sectors, including: \n-Construction and mining sites with temporary worker camps.\n-Remote communities and villages that lack a centralized sewage system.\n-Disaster and emergency response efforts.\n-Military and refugee camps.\n-Urban areas for decentralized treatment or to supplement municipal systems during peak demand.\n-Commercial and hospitality sectors like hotels, resorts, and restaurants.\n-Industrial facilities for treating small to medium volumes of wastewater.\n-Real estate developments such as residential complexes, townships, and schools.\n", "price": 0.0, "discountamount": 0.0, "currencycode": "INR", "priority": 1000000, "isfreeshipmentavailable": false, "shipmentduration": 1, "_keywords": null, "isarchived": false, "isavailable": true, "applicationid": null, "productindex": 14, "imageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/actual/68c2b2329844cf2868f3ed2d.jpg", "tileimageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/tile/68c2b2329844cf2868f3ed2d.jpg", "images": null, "totalqueries": 0, "gpid": null, "groupproductid": null, "createdon": "2025-09-11T11:19:23.05Z", "updatedon": "2025-09-11T11:27:45.061Z", "buyonlinelink": null, "producturl": "http://WWW.THESKTECH.COM/products/containerized-stp-plant/14", "availableunits": -1.0, "iscodavailable": false, "isprepaidonlineavailable": false, "maxcodorders": 0, "maxprepaidonlineorders": 0, "uniquepaymenturl": null, "brandname": "S K ENTERPRISES", "category": "SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT", "tags": [], "variants": false, "keyspecification": null, "otherspecifications": null, "pickupaddressreferenceid": null, "paymenttype": "None", "producttype": "products", "hsncode": null, "gstslab": 0.001, "isnotforsale": false }, { "_id": "68c28703f319c672322926fe", "fptag": "SKENTERPRISESNAGPUR", "merchantname": null, "customwidgets": null, "externalsourceid": null, "name": "PACKAGE STP PLANT", "description": "A packaged sewage treatment plant (PSTP) is a compact, pre-engineered, and self-contained system designed to treat wastewater from domestic or industrial sources. It arrives pre-assembled and ready for installation, offering an efficient and more space-saving alternative to large, conventional treatment facilities. \n\n\nAdvantages\nPackaged STPs are a modern wastewater management solution with many key benefits: \n\nCompact design: Their small footprint makes them suitable for sites with limited space, such as residential complexes, hotels, and schools.\n\nRapid and easy installation: Since units are pre-fabricated and delivered ready-to-use, they can be installed and commissioned much faster than traditional plants.\n\nCost-effectiveness: PSTPs often have lower installation, operational, and maintenance costs due to their factory-built nature and advanced automated controls.\n\nHigh efficiency: Many modern systems are designed for high treatment efficiency, often using a combination of anaerobic and aerobic processes to produce a high-quality effluent.\n\nEnvironmental compliance: They help property owners and businesses meet strict environmental regulations and prevent the pollution of water bodies.\n\nWater reuse: The treated water can often be reused for non-potable purposes like landscaping, flushing, or industrial processes, promoting water conservation.\n\nScalability: Their modular design allows for easy expansion or modification to accommodate increased wastewater volume in the future. \n\n\nCommon applications\nPSTPs are a versatile solution for a wide range of decentralized wastewater needs: \n\n-Residential complexes, townships, and housing societies\n-Commercial buildings, hotels, and resorts\n-Hospitals, schools, and other institutions\n-Small-to-medium-scale industrial facilities\n-Remote locations like villages, construction sites, and military bases\n-Temporary installations for events or camps\n-On-site treatment for properties not connected to a municipal sewer system", "price": 0.0, "discountamount": 0.0, "currencycode": "INR", "priority": 1000000, "isfreeshipmentavailable": false, "shipmentduration": 1, "_keywords": null, "isarchived": false, "isavailable": true, "applicationid": null, "productindex": 12, "imageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/actual/68c288856857c42be18c036e.jpg", "tileimageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/tile/68c288856857c42be18c036e.jpg", "images": null, "totalqueries": 0, "gpid": null, "groupproductid": null, "createdon": "2025-09-11T08:23:31.473Z", "updatedon": "2025-09-11T08:29:54.921Z", "buyonlinelink": null, "producturl": "http://WWW.THESKTECH.COM/products/package-stp-plant/12", "availableunits": -1.0, "iscodavailable": false, "isprepaidonlineavailable": false, "maxcodorders": 0, "maxprepaidonlineorders": 0, "uniquepaymenturl": null, "brandname": "S K ENTERPRISES", "category": "SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT", "tags": [], "variants": false, "keyspecification": null, "otherspecifications": null, "pickupaddressreferenceid": null, "paymenttype": "None", "producttype": "products", "hsncode": null, "gstslab": 0.001, "isnotforsale": false }, { "_id": "66c061ef7a3be708a4883fa9", "fptag": "SKENTERPRISESNAGPUR", "merchantname": null, "customwidgets": null, "externalsourceid": null, "name": "WATER TREATMENT PLANT (WTP)", "description": "A Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is a facility designed to purify raw water (from rivers, lakes, borewells, etc.) and make it safe for drinking, industrial use, or other purposes. The goal is to remove physical, chemical, and biological impurities to meet water quality standards for a specific end-use. \nThe end use may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment. Water treatment removes contaminants and undesirable components, or reduces their concentration so that the water becomes fit for its desired end-use. This treatment is crucial to human health and allows humans to benefit from both drinking and irrigation use.\n\nFor the elimination of hazardous chemicals from the water, many treatment procedures have been applied.\nThe processes involved in removing the contaminants includes:\n\nMain Processes in a Water Treatment Plant\n\n(a) Screening\n\nRemoves large floating objects like leaves, sticks, plastics, etc.\n\n\n(b) Coagulation & Flocculation\n\nAlum, ferric chloride, or polymers are added to clump fine suspended particles into larger “flocs.”\n\n\n(c) Sedimentation\n\nWater is kept in a tank where heavy flocs settle at the bottom.\n\n\n(d) Filtration\n\nWater passes through layers of sand, gravel, or activated carbon filters to remove smaller particles, turbidity, and color.\n\n\n(e) Disinfection\n\nChlorine, ozone, or UV treatment kills bacteria, viruses, and pathogens.\n\n\n(f) pH Correction\n\nLime or other chemicals are added if water is too acidic or alkaline.\n\n\n\n\nAdvanced Treatment (Optional)\n\nReverse Osmosis (RO): Removes dissolved salts and minerals.\n\nUltrafiltration (UF): Removes finer particles and microorganisms.\n\nActivated Carbon Filters: Remove odor, taste, pesticides, organic matter.\n\nIon Exchange / Softening: Removes hardness (calcium & magnesium).\n\n\n\nThe key properties that define a WTP:\n\nMulti-stage treatment processes:\nWTPs employ a series of physical, chemical, and sometimes biological processes to eliminate a wide range of contaminants.\nCommon processes include:\nCoagulation and Flocculation: Chemicals are added to clump small particles into larger flocs.\nSedimentation: Flocs settle out of the water due to gravity.\nFiltration: Water passes through filters to remove remaining suspended solids and some microorganisms.\nDisinfection: Chemicals like chlorine or UV light are used to kill harmful bacteria, viruses, and pathogens.\npH Adjustment: Adjusting the acidity or alkalinity of the water for optimal treatment and safety.\nAdvanced treatment methods like Reverse Osmosis (RO), Ultrafiltration (UF), and Nanofiltration (NF) may also be integrated depending on the specific water source and required water quality. \n\nWater quality monitoring and control:\nWTPs continuously monitor and analyze various water quality parameters throughout the treatment process to ensure the final output meets regulatory standards and intended uses.\nKey parameters include: pH, turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), hardness, the presence of microorganisms, and levels of specific chemicals.\nAutomated sensors and data analysis are increasingly utilized for real-time monitoring and process optimization. \n\nAdaptability and flexibility:\nWTPs are designed to adapt to variations in raw water quality and demand fluctuations.\nFactors considered in design include the source water's characteristics, required capacity, and potential for future expansion.\nThe selection of treatment technologies and plant size are tailored to address the unique challenges of the water source and intended use. \n\nSludge and waste management:\nWater treatment processes generate sludge and other waste materials that require proper handling and disposal to minimize environmental impact.\nSludge treatment and dewatering systems are an integral part of WTPs to ensure safe and compliant disposal.\nSome WTPs are implementing advanced solutions like Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) to maximize water reuse and minimize waste generation. \n\nAutomation and efficiency:\nModern WTPs incorporate automation and control systems, including PLCs and SCADA, to enhance efficiency, reduce operating costs, and improve reliability.\nThese systems enable remote monitoring, automated process adjustments, and data logging for optimal performance and maintenance.\nEnergy efficiency is also a key consideration in WTP design and operation, with technologies like gravity-fed systems and solar-powered pumps being explored for sustainable practices. \n\nSafety and regulatory compliance:\nWTPs are designed and operated in adherence to strict safety standards and regulatory guidelines set by organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO) and local regulatory bodies.\nThis ensures the safety of the treated water, prevents environmental pollution, and minimizes potential health risks. \nBy effectively managing these key properties, WTPs play a crucial role in safeguarding public health, protecting the environment, and ensuring the availability of this vital resource for future generations. \n\n\n* Major Components of a WTP\n\nIntake well & raw water pump house\n\nScreens & grit chambers\n\nFlash mixer & flocculator\n\nClarifier (sedimentation tank)\n\nRapid sand filters / Pressure filters\n\nDisinfection unit (chlorination, UV, ozone)\n\nTreated water storage & distribution system\n\n\n\n\n* Applications\n\nMunicipal drinking water supply\n\nIndustrial process water (power plants, textiles, pharma, food processing, etc.)\n\nHotels, hospitals, and commercial complexes\n\nIrrigation & agricultural use\n\n\n\n\n* Benefits\n\n✅ Provides safe, potable water\n✅ Prevents waterborne diseases (typhoid, cholera, dysentery)\n✅ Removes harmful chemicals (arsenic, fluoride, nitrates)\n✅ Improves water taste, odor, and clarity\n✅ Meets environmental and regulatory standards", "price": 0.0, "discountamount": 0.0, "currencycode": "INR", "priority": 1000000, "isfreeshipmentavailable": false, "shipmentduration": 7, "_keywords": [ "end use", "human health", "irrigation use", "desired end-use", "many other uses", "water recreation", "specific end-use", "WATER TREATMENT PLANT", "undesirable components", "river flow maintenance", "industrial water supply" ], "isarchived": false, "isavailable": true, "applicationid": null, "productindex": 8, "imageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/actual/68a5e035cf7ef773a8e82af4.jpeg", "tileimageuri": "https://productimages.withfloats.com/tile/68a5e035cf7ef773a8e82af4.jpeg", 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digester used for wastewater treatment, particularly for high-strength industrial wastewater. It's a single-tank process where wastewater flows upwards through a suspended blanket of granular sludge, breaking down organic pollutants and producing biogas. This technology is known for its efficiency in removing organic matter and its ability to produce usable biogas. \n\n\n\nHow it works\n\nWastewater inflow: Raw wastewater enters the reactor from the bottom.\n\nSludge blanket contact: It flows upward through a dense blanket of granular sludge (microbial aggregates).\n\nAnaerobic degradation: Anaerobic microorganisms within the sludge blanket break down organic pollutants in the wastewater through anaerobic digestion.\n\nBiogas production: This process generates biogas, primarily methane and carbon dioxide, which bubbles upward, providing mixing and contributing to energy recovery potential.\n\nPhase separation: A gas-liquid-solid separator at the top of the reactor separates the treated liquid effluent, biogas, and sludge particles, returning the sludge to the digestion compartment.\n\nEffluent discharge/post-treatment: The treated effluent, with significantly reduced organic load (BOD and COD), can then be discharged or undergo further treatment for removal of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and pathogens. \n\n\nAdvantages\n\nHigh organic loading capacity: Capable of effectively treating wastewater with high organic loads.\n\nEnergy generation: Produces biogas (methane) as a renewable energy source that can be captured and utilized.\n\nLow sludge production: Generates a smaller quantity of stabilized sludge compared to aerobic systems, reducing sludge handling and disposal costs.\n\nLow energy requirements: Operates without the need for energy-intensive aeration systems common in aerobic treatments.\n\nLow land requirements: Compact design compared to conventional systems.\nRelatively simple design and operation.\n\n\nApplications\n\nUASB reactors are particularly well-suited for treating:\n\nIndustrial wastewater: Examples include wastewater from industries like breweries, distilleries, food processing, pulp and paper, and tanneries, as well as agricultural wastes.\n\nHigh-strength wastewaters with high carbohydrate content. 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